Allergies are a widespread health concern, affecting a significant portion of the population. According to the CDC, over 31% of American adults suffered from allergies in 2021. Allergies vary by person, season, and severity, manifesting in various forms.
From seasonal allergies triggered by pollen to year-round allergies caused by dust mites, pet dander, or certain foods, allergies are everywhere and affect most people to some degree. Their impact on daily life can be frustrating and downright debilitating, leading many to seek out relief through allergy meds, nasal sprays, and natural remedies – including cannabis.
There has been growing interest in using weed for allergy relief in recent years. Research is limited, but anecdotal evidence suggests that some have found relief from their allergy symptoms with cannabis. The idea of using cannabis to alleviate allergies may be linked to its potential anti-inflammatory and antihistamine properties, as well as the presence of specific terpenes in certain cannabis strains.
While finding allergy relief is possible, it's essential to exercise caution. Making informed decisions involves understanding the nuances of allergies, potential benefits of using cannabis as part of your treatment, and recognizing that additional scientific investigation is needed before anyone can make any conclusive statements.
What Causes Allergies?
Allergies are complex immune system responses triggered by typically harmless substances. However, conditions can be more severe for some individuals.
A person's immune system reacts when it comes into contact with an allergen, triggering a range of symptoms, including:
- Sneezing
- Coughing
- Red eyes
- Watery eyes
- Trouble breathing (in more severe cases)
Understanding the causes of allergies provides keen insights into why specific individuals are more prone to reactions than others. A lot of it boils down to the immune system.
Typically, the immune system acts as the body's defense mechanism, protecting against harmful pathogens. But people with allergies may find that their immune system triggers a more exaggerated response when it encounters substances like:
- Pollen
- Pet dander
- Certain foods
- Trees
- Grass
- Dust mites
- Mold
- Certain medications
- Latex
- And much more
When triggered, the body produces immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies, binding to mast cells and basophils. IgE antibodies recognize the substances and call for the release of histamine and other chemicals which trigger various allergy effects like:
- Itching
- Sneezing
- Nasal congestion
- Skin rashes
- Anaphylaxis (in most severe cases)
Allergies can also arise in forms like hay fever. These effects often occur during times in the year when pollen counts are at their highest. Other allergies can occur all year due to constant exposure to allergens like mold, dust mites, or pet dander.
Allergic asthma reactions are also common. These reactions are characterized as airway inflammation and difficulty breathing, but skin allergies like dermatitis and hives have also been linked to the effect.
Does Weed Help with Allergies?
There’s still much to uncover regarding understanding the weed-allergies connection. Scientific research regarding the specific effects cannabis has on allergies is limited as few studies currently explore the subject directly. In the meantime, it's worth examining the potential benefits that cannabis could have on various allergy symptoms.
Cannabis contains various cannabinoids, notably THC and CBD. Cannabinoids interact with the body's endocannabinoid system, creating various effects, including the anti-inflammatory and bronchodilatory ones thought to be responsible for allergy symptom relief. Cannabis topicals may also have beneficial effects against skin and food allergies as well, but more research is needed.1
Additionally, certain terpenes found in cannabis may contribute to its potential benefits for allergies. Terpenes are aromatic compounds found in many plants, including cannabis, and are known to have various therapeutic properties.2 For example, the terpene limonene, linalool, terpinolene, and borneol have been associated with anti-inflammatory and immune-modulating effects.3 However, the research on terpenes’ direct effects on allergy symptoms is still extremely limited, and more clinical studies are needed.
No two people are the same, and the results they receive from cannabis are equally varied. Even with cannabinoids and terpenes that show promise, results can vary from person to person. Because of this the results leave researchers, and many in the public, uncertain about the actual effect cannabis has on allergy symptoms.
Before using cannabis to treat allergy symptoms, consider any potential risks, drug interactions, or other adverse effects. With so many factors to consider, it's best you consult with a medical professional before using weed for your allergies.
What are the Risks of Using Cannabis for Allergy Sufferers?
Cannabis very well may offer relief for some people with allergies, But what works for one isn't going to be the same for all when it comes to cannabis.
Cannabis may also pose problems for some allergy sufferers. In fact, it’s also possible to be allergic to cannabis.
Known as cannabis allergies, some consumers report uncomfortable outcomes when consuming cannabis on some occasions. These reactions can include:
- Sneezing
- Runny nose
- Itchy eyes
- Hives
- Trouble breathing
More severe reactions that are extremely uncommon after consuming cannabis include anaphylaxis, a potentially life-threatening condition affecting various parts of the body just a few minutes after exposure to an allergen.
Research and case studies have found an increasing prevalence of cannabis allergy. The results and anecdotes lead some to believe cannabis is a more common allergen than previously thought.4
It is also crucial to consider potential drug interactions, particularly with other allergy medications you may be taking. Medication interactions can be unpredictable and serious. If you are taking medications, it’s vital to speak with your doctor before adding cannabis to your treatment plan.
Awareness of drug interactions and remedies is crucial to preventing and treating such situations. Be sure to consult a medical professional if you're struggling with a cannabis allergy or if you are considering taking cannabis while taking another allergy medication.
Medical Marijuana for Allergies: Tips and Safety
No matter your reasons for consuming cannabis, prioritize your safety. Follow these tips to make sure you're using medical marijuana for allergies in a safe and productive fashion:
- Consult with a trusted healthcare professional before you incorporate cannabis of any kind into your treatment plan.
- Be mindful of medication interactions, noting which medications, such as antihistamines like Benadryl, may cause adverse reactions. Consider other potentially harmful factors, like tobacco and alcohol consumption as well.5
- Consider alternative consumption methods. Smoking and vaping can potentially irritate the respiratory system, so consider edibles, tinctures, and other methods if you find yourself in this situation.
- Educate yourself about respiratory symptoms. Don't wait to learn from experience. Talk to your doctors and seek out information from trusted sources.
While some individuals report experiencing relief from allergy symptoms after using cannabis, scientific research regarding efficacy and safety remains limited. As always, use caution and be informed before making any decisions.
Does CBD Work for Allergy Relief?
CBD has demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties similar to high-THC cannabis.1 Still, studies supporting CBD as a treatment alternative to traditional medicines aren't available at this time.
CBD may have potential to alleviate some allergy symptoms, and it is generally considered safe to try in appropriate doses. However, always consult with a healthcare professional before making any treatment decisions. This rule applies that much more if you are taking prescription medications or have severe allergies that could require emergency treatment or hospitalization.
Ultimately, the decision to use CBD for allergy relief should be made in collaboration with your healthcare provider.
References
- Angelina A, Pérez-Diego M, López-Abente J, Palomares O. The Role of Cannabinoids in Allergic Diseases: Collegium Internationale Allergologicum (CIA) Update 2020. International Archives of Allergy and Immunology. 2020;181(8):565-584. doi:https://doi.org/10.1159/000508989
↩︎ - Cox-Georgian D, Ramadoss N, Dona C, Basu C. Therapeutic and Medicinal Uses of Terpenes. Medicinal Plants. 2019;333-359. Published 2019 Nov 12. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-31269-5_15 ↩︎
- Del Prado-Audelo ML, Cortés H, Caballero-Florán IH, et al. Therapeutic Applications of Terpenes on Inflammatory Diseases. Frontiers in Pharmacology. 2021;12. doi:https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2021.704197
↩︎ - Skypala IJ, Jeimy S, Brucker H, et al. Cannabis-related allergies: An international overview and consensus recommendations. Allergy. 2022;77(7):2038-2052. doi:10.1111/all.15237
↩︎ - Bousquet PJ, Cropet C, Klossek JM, Allaf B, Neukirch F, Bousquet J. Effect of smoking on symptoms of allergic rhinitis. Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. 2009;103(3):195-200. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/s1081-1206(10)60181-0 ↩︎
The information in this article and any included images or charts are for educational purposes only. This information is neither a substitute for, nor does it replace, professional legal advice or medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. If you have any concerns or questions about laws, regulations, or your health, you should always consult with an attorney, physician or other licensed professional.
