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What you will learn in this post:
- Key Takeaways
- Is Weed Safe While Trying to Conceive?
- How Can Weed Affect Male Fertility?
- Can Weed Make You Infertile as a Woman?
- Does Weed Affect Hormones?
- How Long Do I Need to Quit Cannabis for Fertility to Improve?
- Possible Risks of Cannabis on Fertility
- How to Potentially Reduce Fertility Risks while Using Cannabis
- Frequently Asked Questions
- References
Key Takeaways
- Research is ongoing into the connection between weed and infertility.
- Cannabis use may affect fertility in both men and women, but results are conflicting.
- Couples trying to conceive should consult a doctor for more information.
Cannabis use is as popular as ever, including among family-planning adults, some of whom may want to know: Can weed make you infertile?
At this time, the answer isn't so straightforward. Clinical research has presented conflicting results so far, leaving much uncertainty surrounding the possible connections between weed use and infertility.
Is Weed Safe While Trying to Conceive?
There isn't a definitive answer as to whether smoking weed or any form of cannabis consumption causes infertility. Some studies suggest that cannabis use could interfere with fertility in both men and women, while others concluded that minimal to no impact was found.
What's clear is that further research is required to understand how cannabis affects fertility and reproductive systems entirely.
With ample uncertainty remaining, most medical experts emphasize using caution. Recreational consumers should consider reducing or cutting out cannabis use when family planning. Medical cannabis patients may need to do the same but should consult with their physician before making any changes.
How Can Weed Affect Male Fertility?
There is no conclusive answer on whether cannabis use causes infertility in men. Studies continue to explore the possible connection between weed and infertility.
Sperm quality has been an area of particular interest, with varied results. One study from 2015 concluded that men who smoked cannabis more than once a week had lower sperm concentrations compared to non-smokers. The same study found that cannabis combined with other substances, including tobacco, could further diminish sperm quality.1
However, not all research has reached the same conclusion. That includes a 2019 Harvard study that found that male cannabis users had higher sperm concentrations than non-users.2 These contrasting results highlight the need for further research to understand if weed affects male fertility.
Another area of interest is how weed affects hormones and the endocannabinoid system (ECS), which plays a role in male reproductive health. Studies have found that cannabis use can alter endocannabinoid levels, particularly anandamide in semen, which may impact sperm production and fertility.1
Can Weed Make You Infertile as a Woman?
Research into female fertility and smoking weed is just as inconclusive as it is with men. Select studies conclude that cannabis use may impair fertility by affecting the menstrual cycle, ovulation, or implantation. Other research, including a 2020 human analysis, suggests that weed may reduce pregnancy chances.3
Other studies found the opposite, with little to no effect found. In one case, a 2007 study of rhesus monkeys found that cannabis use was linked to a more prolonged follicular phase, a portion of the menstrual cycle where the egg matures in the ovary.4
Additional research has reached similar conclusions, further clouding the subject. That includes a 2018 study of over 4,000 couples, which found no significant impact from cannabis use on fertility for either men or women.1
Does Weed Affect Hormones?
Studies seem to indicate that cannabis certainly affects hormones. However, the long-term effects of these changes on fertility remain uncertain.
Hormones have been found to play a significant role in fertility. Some clinical researchers believe that cannabis use may influence how these hormones are balanced. THC, the intoxicating compound in cannabis, has been linked to affecting the body's estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone production–all of which are essential to reproductive health.1
How Long Do I Need to Quit Cannabis for Fertility to Improve?
Unfortunately, this is another component of the cannabis-fertility debate that lacks a conclusive answer. A clear timeline for how long you need to quit cannabis for fertility to improve hasn't been established yet.
Select studies do provide possible timelines to consider. Some studies suggest that sperm quality and hormone levels begin to normalize in men after ending their cannabis use. However, the timeline likely varies depending on various critical factors, such as an individual's overall health and their frequency and level of cannabis use.1
The timeline is even less clear for women. Some experts suggest that menstrual cycles could return to normal within one to two cycles after quitting cannabis. However, additional research is needed to confirm these claims.1
Possible Risks of Cannabis on Fertility
With research ongoing, expecting parents might consider a few potential risks associated with cannabis consumption and its impact on fertility.
For women, weed use may affect the menstrual cycle and reduce the chances of conception. Long-term or heavy male consumers may experience reduced sperm quality, lower sperm concentrations, and, as shown in some primate studies, potentially smaller testicle size.1
In addition to the potential impact on conception, some studies suggest a possible link between weed use during pregnancy and an increased risk of stillbirth or neonatal intensive care unit admissions. However, these risks are not yet fully understood.1
How to Potentially Reduce Fertility Risks while Using Cannabis
When family planning, select studies and many medical experts will recommend reducing or eliminating cannabis consumption. This measure is typically suggested in an attempt to mitigate any potential fertility risks or improve the chances of getting pregnant.
Additional commonly recommended tips for cannabis-consuming would-be parents include:
Consult with a Doctor
It's always wise to speak with a trusted medical professional when family planning, consuming cannabis, or otherwise. Medical cannabis users should especially consult with their physician before making any changes to their treatment regimen.
Consider Non-Smoking Methods
Medical cannabis patients concerned about fertility might want to explore non-smoking options to minimize potential risks. Vaping is a non-combustible method that eliminates smoke inhalation, while edibles offer an inhalation-free alternative that may reduce reproductive health risks compared to smoking.
Another option is using topical cannabis products, which typically don't enter the bloodstream, providing a distinct alternative. However, carefully reviewing product details is important, as some topicals, mainly transdermal, may still reach the bloodstream.
Consider Your Overall Health
Prospective parents might also consider adopting a range of healthy lifestyle habits. In addition to addressing cannabis use, factors such as proper nutrition, regular exercise, and effective stress management can play a key role in improving fertility and reducing potential risks. Instead of self-assessing, it is best to consult with a doctor or fertility specialist for personalized guidance.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is weed consumption safe while trying to conceive?
The connection between weed and infertility is ongoing and far from conclusive. Select studies indicate that cannabis consumption could impair fertility. Contrasting research has found little to no effect.
With results mixed, the best approach may be to play it safe. Aspiring parents should be cautious and consult with a trusted healthcare professional to further understand the issue and possible risks.
How long after quitting weed does fertility improve?
There are no clear timelines for would-be parents to follow, but some clinical research may provide some guidance.
Select studies indicate that male sperm quality may improve within three months of ceasing cannabis consumption. Certain experts suggest that fertility may improve within one or two menstrual cycles in women. However, additional research is needed to clarify the issue for all genders.
Does weed affect Plan B?
Plan B is an emergency contraceptive that prevents pregnancy by delaying ovulation. At this time, no significant research links cannabis effects to Plan B’s effectiveness. Still, it's best to consult with a trusted medical professional to discuss the matter more in-depth.
How does smoking weed affect relationships?
Smoking weed can impact relationships, with the effects varying by couple. Research suggests cannabis use can lead to conflict avoidance and difficulty recovering emotionally after arguments.
On the other hand, some cannabis consumers report enhanced intimacy as a result. With each couple and individual being different, open communication and mutual understanding are always encouraged regarding cannabis and other personal choices.
What are the best strains for sex?
Popular strains for enhancing sex include Trainwreck for mood and relaxation, Bubba Kush for heavy body effects, Wedding Cake for improved mood, and Green Crack for energy and stamina. However, each person will respond to cannabis differently, which can change the best recommendations.
How can I find a medical professional to discuss cannabis and fertility?
NuggMD can help anyone concerned about how cannabis might affect fertility or family planning. Our network of qualified physicians offers personalized advice to help make informed decisions about a variety of health issues and concerns, including fertility and its possible impact on medical cannabis consumers.
References
- Fonseca BM, Rebelo I. Cannabis and Cannabinoids in Reproduction and Fertility: Where We Stand. Reproductive Sciences. 2021;29(9):2429-2439. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s43032-021-00588-1
↩︎ - Nassan FL, Arvizu M, Mínguez-Alarcón L, et al. Marijuana smoking and markers of testicular function among men from a fertility centre. Human Reproduction. 2019;34(4):715-723. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dez002
↩︎ - Corsi DJ, Murphy MSQ, Cook J. The Effects of Cannabis on Female Reproductive Health Across the Life Course. Cannabis Cannabinoid Res. 2021;6(4):275-287. doi:10.1089/can.2020.0065
↩︎ - Jukic AM, Weinberg CR, Baird DD, Wilcox AJ. Lifestyle and reproductive factors associated with follicular phase length. J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2007;16(9):1340-1347. doi:10.1089/jwh.2007.0354
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The information in this article and any included images or charts are for educational purposes only. This information is neither a substitute for, nor does it replace, professional legal advice or medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. If you have any concerns or questions about laws, regulations, or your health, you should always consult with an attorney, physician or other licensed professional.
